VR 术语表
用通俗易懂的中文解释规格表背后的术语。
术语：30
B
术语：2
- Base station tracking
- Base station tracking is an outside-in system where small boxes placed around the room sweep infrared light, and sensors on the headset and controllers use it to find their exact position.
- Boundary (Guardian)
- A boundary is the virtual safety border you set around your play area; when you get close to its edge, the headset shows a wall or your real room so you avoid bumping into things.
C
术语：1
- Comfort settings
- Comfort settings are in-game and system options, such as teleport movement, snap turning and vignettes, that reduce motion sickness and make VR easier for more people to enjoy.
E
术语：1
- Eye tracking
- Eye tracking uses small cameras inside a headset to follow where your eyes are looking, enabling gaze-based menus, foveated rendering, realistic avatar eyes and automatic IPD checks.
F
术语：3
- Field of view (FOV)
- Field of view (FOV) is how much of the virtual world you can see at once through a headset, usually given in degrees horizontally, vertically or diagonally.
- Foveated rendering
- Foveated rendering draws the center of your view, or the spot you are looking at, in full detail and the periphery at lower detail, saving GPU power with little visible loss.
- Fresnel lens
- A Fresnel lens is a thin, light lens made of concentric ridges; it is cheap and bright but can show glare streaks called god rays and a smaller sharp area in the center.
H
术语：2
- Hand tracking
- Hand tracking lets a headset see your bare hands with its cameras and turn finger movements into input, so you can point, pinch, grab and type without holding controllers.
- Haptics
- Haptics is touch feedback in VR, usually vibration in controllers or the headset, that lets you feel impacts, textures, button clicks and resistance to make virtual objects seem more real.
I
术语：2
- Inside-out tracking
- Inside-out tracking uses cameras and sensors on the headset itself to work out where you are in the room, so no external sensors or base stations need to be set up.
- Interpupillary distance (IPD)
- Interpupillary distance (IPD) is the distance between the centers of your pupils; a headset's lenses should be spaced to match it for a sharp and comfortable image.
L
术语：1
- Low persistence
- Low persistence is a display technique where each frame is lit only for a brief moment, which cuts the smearing and motion blur you would otherwise see when turning your head in VR.
M
术语：3
- Micro-OLED
- Micro-OLED is a display built directly on a silicon chip, packing very small self-lit pixels into a tiny panel; it gives high-end headsets sharp images and deep blacks.
- Mixed reality
- Mixed reality (MR) blends virtual objects with your real surroundings so they appear to share the same space, often reacting to your walls, furniture and hands.
- Motion sickness in VR
- VR motion sickness is nausea, dizziness or sweating that happens when your eyes see movement your body does not feel, most often during artificial movement with a thumbstick.
O
术语：1
- OpenXR
- OpenXR is a royalty-free open standard from the Khronos Group that gives VR and AR apps one common way to talk to headsets, so developers can support many devices with less work.
P
术语：4
- Pancake lens
- A pancake lens is a folded optical design that bounces light back and forth between layers, letting headsets sit closer to the face with a sharper image across more of the view.
- Passthrough
- Passthrough shows you a live camera view of your real surroundings inside a headset, so you can see your room, find your controllers or mix virtual objects with the real world.
- PC VR
- PC VR means virtual reality that is rendered by a Windows gaming PC and sent to a headset, giving higher graphics quality than standalone headsets in exchange for a powerful computer.
- Pixels per degree (PPD)
- Pixels per degree (PPD) measures how many display pixels fall within one degree of your vision in a headset, which makes it a better guide to sharpness than resolution alone.
R
术语：2
- Refresh rate
- Refresh rate is how many times per second a headset's display draws a new image, measured in hertz (Hz); higher rates make motion look smoother and can improve comfort.
- Reprojection
- Reprojection is a technique that creates or corrects frames from the last rendered image when a game misses its frame-rate target, keeping head motion smooth at the cost of occasional artifacts.
S
术语：6
- Screen-door effect
- The screen-door effect is a visible fine grid of dark lines between pixels in a VR headset, making the image look as if you are viewing it through a mesh screen door.
- Six degrees of freedom (6DoF)
- Six degrees of freedom (6DoF) means a headset or controller tracks both rotation and movement through space, while 3DoF tracks only the direction you are turned.
- Snap turning
- Snap turning rotates your view in fixed steps, such as 30 or 45 degrees, each time you flick the thumbstick, instead of turning smoothly, which many players find far more comfortable.
- Spatial anchors
- Spatial anchors are saved points in your real room that a headset can recognize again, letting virtual objects stay pinned to the same physical spot between sessions.
- Standalone headset
- A standalone headset is a VR or mixed reality headset with its own processor, storage and battery built in, so it runs apps and games without a PC, console or phone.
- SteamVR
- SteamVR is Valve's free software for playing VR on a Windows PC: it runs the headset, provides the home space and settings, and lets you launch VR games bought on Steam.
W
术语：2
- WebXR
- WebXR is a web standard that lets websites open immersive VR and AR experiences directly in a browser, so you can try content on a headset without installing an app.
- Wireless PC streaming
- Wireless PC streaming sends PC VR games from a computer to a standalone headset over Wi-Fi, using tools like Air Link, Steam Link or Virtual Desktop, so you can play without a cable.